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A Journal of Russian Academy of Sciences | | Founded
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| "On the occasion of B. E. Pobedrya’s seventieth birthday," Mech. Solids. 42 (3), 329-331 (2007) |
| Year |
2007 |
Volume |
42 |
Number |
3 |
Pages |
329-331 |
| Title |
On the occasion of B. E. Pobedrya’s seventieth birthday |
| Author(s) |
|
| Abstract |
May 26, 2007, was the seventieth birthday of Boris Efimovich
Pobedrya, Chair of the Department of Mechanics of Composites at the
Faculty of Mechanics and Mathematics at Moscow State University,
Doctor of Sciences in Physics and Mathematics, Honored Professor of
Moscow State University, a USSR State Prize and Lomonosov Prize
winner, Honored Scientist of the Russian Federation, and Full
Member of the Russian Academy of Natural Sciences, the
International Higher Education Academy of Sciences, and the Academy
of Nonlinear Sciences. For several decades Pobedrya has been member
of the Editorial Board of the journal "Izvestiya RAN. Mekhanika
Tverdogo Tela" and has actively participated in the editorial
activities.
In 1960, Pobedrya graduated from Moscow State University
(Department of Theory of Elasticity, Faculty of Mechanics and
Mathematics). In 1966, he defended his Ph.D. thesis "To the
Problem of Nonlinear Viscoelasticity," and in 1971 he defended his
D.Sc. thesis "Methods of Thermoviscoelasticity." He has authored
seven monographs and textbooks [1-7], which have run into several
editions, and over two hundred scientific papers.
After graduating from the university, Pobedrya has been permanently
working at the Faculty of Mechanics and Mathematics; since 1987, he
has been Chair of the Department of Mechanics of Composites,
founded by himself, where he has organized the teaching process
according to original plans. A branch of the department was
organized at TsNIISM (the Central Research Institute for Special
Machinery) on the basis of modern experimental equipment.
In the 1970-90s, Pobedrya obtained fundamental results in the
theory of constitutive relations in mechanics of deformable solids
and mechanics of composites and developed highly efficient
numerical-analytical methods for solving boundary value problems
allowing for the interrelationship between mechanical, thermal,
electromagnetic, and chemical properties of materials. These
results and methods have made for the formation of new subject
areas in mechanics, namely, computational mechanics of deformable
solids and computational mechanics of composites, which are now
being actively developed in Russia and abroad. Pobedrya created a
scientific school in these subject areas.
Pobedrya stated a version of the general theory of plasticity for
anisotropic materials and proposed and justified a new rapidly
converging successive approximation method for solving
three-dimensional quasistatic problems of linear and nonlinear
elasticity, viscoelasticity, and plasticity.
On the basis of thermodynamics of irreversible processes, Pobedrya
gave a statement of the coupled thermoviscoelasticity problem
taking into account strain heat release. The method suggested for
the numerical implementation of the elastic solution permits one to
represent the solution of the viscoelastic problem by quadratures
with respect to time on the basis of the solution of the
corresponding elastic problem with various Poisson ratios obtained
numerically or experimentally. These studies are a significant
contribution to the theory of nonlinear viscoelasticity and, in
particular, to the theory of mutually inverse constitutive
relations of viscoelasticity.
For several decades of the 20th century, stating the problem in
stresses was a topical issue for specialists in continuum
mechanics. Indeed, the classical statement in stresses includes
nine equations in the domain occupied by the body and three
equations at each point of the boundary for the six components of
the symmetric stress tensor. This apparent inconsistency between
the number of equations and the number of unknowns provoked
attempts to find six "independent" equations and three equations
"depending" on them in the system of these nine equations. The
fundamentally new statement of the problem of mechanics of
deformable solids in stresses, given by Pobedrya, consists in
solving six generalized consistency equations for six independent
components of the stress tensor. Pobedrya proposed a new
variational principle and, on the basis of this principle,
constructed an efficient numerical method for solving quasistatic
problems of mechanics of deformable solids in stresses. For these
studies, Pobedrya was awarded the Kapitsa medal.
Pobedrya's work on mechanics of composites is widely known. In this
relatively new field of mechanics of deformable solids, he stated
basic principles for the construction of the theory of effective
constitutive relations, which can be found experimentally for
representative specimens or by solving special boundary value
problems using the known constitutive relations for each of the
composite components. The introduction of effective constitutive
relations is necessitated by the fact that the composite material
functions found in experiments are discontinuous functions of
coordinates, which affects the well-posedness of differential
statements of the problems in the framework of adequate models of
mechanics of deformable solids. Moreover, owing to
physical-chemical and biomechanical interaction, the interfaces
between the composite components continuously vary their shape
which, in general, has a fractal character. The mathematical
techniques required to study such problems include probabilistic
approaches, the theory of fractals, and fractional
integro-differential calculus.
On the basis of the averaging method, Pobedrya developed a
procedure for determining microstresses and microstrains in
elastic, elastoplastic, and viscoelastic composites and presented
explicit analytic expressions for the elastic compliance tensor of
layered composites, for the elastic constant tensor of fiber
reinforced plastics (unidirectional fiber composites), and the
stress concentration functionals. Several strength criteria (in
particular, a thermodynamical criterion) were proposed for
anisotropic composite materials. For this cycle of studies,
Pobedrya, as an author team member, was awarded the USSR State
prize in 1985.
In the new century with its vigorously developing technologies and
industries, specialists in mechanics face new challenges of
creating new materials "at the tip of the pen," analyzing their
properties, and developing recommendations for their synthesis on
laboratory and industrial scales. Such materials include composites
whose components have characteristic dimensions differing from each
other by many orders of magnitude, i.e., varying from the macro- to
the nanolevel. To develop the mechanics of nanocomposite structures
and materials including film systems and coatings, nanotubes, and
fullerenes, specialists in mechanics have to develop a
phenomenological approach combining the ideology and methods of
continuum mechanics, molecular dynamics, and quantum mechanics.
Nowadays, Pobedrya, together with his colleagues, post-graduate
students, and students of the Department of Mechanics of Composites
at Moscow State University, is actively studying these and many
other problems with his usual energy.
Pobedrya pays much attention to teaching and education of
scientists. He has delivered many original special courses. He
developed a teaching program in mechanics at the Faculty of
Material Sciences at Moscow State University. He heads a scientific
research seminar that has been active for several decades. Of his
students, eight defended D.Sc. theses, and forty-six, Ph.D.
theses. Pobedrya's scientific school is fruitfully working in
various fields of science and industry not only in Russia and FSU
countries but also in Poland, Serbia and Montenegro, Romania, the
Czech Republic, Germany, USA, Mexico, Colombia, Cameroon, Vietnam,
and Cuba.
Pobedrya's public-scientific activities are wide. He is a member of
the Russian National Committee in Theoretical and Applied
Mechanics, a member of the Presidiums of Scientific councils of the
Russian Academy of Sciences in mechanics of deformable solids
(earlier, in strength and plasticity) and in mechanics of composite
material structures, President of the Specialized Dissertation
Council at the Faculty of Mechanics and Mathematics at Moscow State
University. In addition to the editorial board of the journal
"Izvestiya RAN. Mekhanika Tverdogo Tela", B. E. Pobedrya also
works in the editorial boards of the journals "Vestnik MGU.
Matematika i Mekhanika", "Mekhanika Kompozitnykh Materialov",
"Matematicheskoe Modelirovanie Sistem i Protsessov",
"Vychislitel'naya Mekhanika Deformiryemogo Tverdogo Tela",
"Zhurnal Kompozitnykh Materialov i Konstruktsii". He has
translated more than dozen books in modern problems of mechanics
and mathematics into Russian.
His friends, colleagues, students, and members of the Editorial
board heartily congratulate Boris Efimovich on the occasion of his
seventieth birthday and wish him strong health and good spirits,
joy, and many new creative achievements for the welfare of Russia. |
| References |
| 1. | A. A. Il'yushin and B. E. Pobedrya,
Fundamentals of the Mathematical Theory of Thermoviscoelasticity
(Nauka, Moscow, 1970)
[in Russian]. |
| 2. | B. E. Pobedrya,
Lectures on Tensor Analysis
(Izd-vo MGU, Moscow, (1st ed.) 1974; (2nd ed.) 1979; (3rd ed.) 1986)
[in Russian]. |
| 3. | B. E. Pobedrya,
Numerical Methods in the Theory of Elasticity and Plasticity
(Izd-vo MGU, Moscow, (1st ed.) 1981; (2nd ed.) 1995)
[in Russian]. |
| 4. | B. E. Pobedrya,
Mechanics of Composite Materials
(Izd-vo MGU, Moscow, 1984)
[in Russian]. |
| 5. | B. E. Pobedrya, S. V. Sheshenin, and T. Kholmatov,
Problem in Terms of Stresses
(FAN, Tashkent, 1988)
[in Russian]. |
| 6. | B. E. Pobedrya and D. V. Georgievskii,
Lectures on Elasticity Theory
(Editorial URSS, Moscow, 1999)
[in Russian]. |
| 7. | B. E. Pobedrya and D. V. Georgievskii,
Foundations of Continuum Mechanics
(Fizmatlit, Moscow, 2006)
[in Russian]. |
|
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