 | | Mechanics of Solids
A Journal of Russian Academy of Sciences | | Founded
in January 1966
Issued 6 times a year
Print ISSN 0025-6544
Online ISSN 1934-7936 |
Archive of Issues
| Total articles in the database: | | 13427 |
| In Russian (Èçâ. ÐÀÍ. ÌÒÒ): | | 8178
|
| In English (Mech. Solids): | | 5249 |
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| W. Ma, J. He, Z. Yuan, Y. Yang, C. Zhu, Y. Song, X. Chen, W. Xu, C. Qu, and Z. Lu, "Finite Element Analysis on Ballistic Mechanisms of Fabric Panel with Air Gaps," Mech. Solids. 60 (6), 4834-4862 (2025) |
| Year |
2025 |
Volume |
60 |
Number |
6 |
Pages |
4834-4862 |
| DOI |
10.1134/S0025654425602678 |
| Title |
Finite Element Analysis on Ballistic Mechanisms of Fabric Panel with Air Gaps |
| Author(s) |
W. Ma (Zhejiang Sci-Tech University, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, 310018 China)
J. He (Zhejiang Sci-Tech University, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, 310018 China)
Z. Yuan (Zhejiang Sci-Tech University, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, 310018 China, jacksparrowyzs@hotmail.com)
Y. Yang (College of Materials and Textile Engineering, Jiaxing University, Jiaxing, Zhejiang, 314001 China, jacksparrowyzs@hotmail.com)
C. Zhu (Zhejiang Sci-Tech University, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, 310018 China)
Y. Song (Zhejiang Sci-Tech University, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, 310018 China)
X. Chen (Zhejiang Sci-Tech University, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, 310018 China)
W. Xu (Wilson College of Textiles, North Carolina State University, Raleigh, NC 27606 United States of America, wxu8@ncsu.edu)
C. Qu (School of Textile and Clothing, Yancheng Polytechnic College, Yancheng, Jiangsu, 224051 China)
Z. Lu (School of Textile and Fashion, Yancheng Institute of Technology, Yancheng, Jiangsu, 224051 China) |
| Abstract |
The space behind the fabric panel, known as the air gap, has been shown to improve ballistic performance, but the underlying mechanisms remain unclear. This study aims to clarify the ballistic mechanisms of soft fabric panels that incorporate air gaps. We developed finite element (FE) models for non-perforated ballistic impact on 24 layers Twaron® fabrics using a clay backing to simulate deformation. The FE models were validated against experimental data and analytical results. In the FE modelling, the air gap varied from 0 to 8 mm. The results were analysed and computer vision was used to quantify the stress distribution for enhancing the analyses. The findings reveal that as the air gap increases, the clay experiences lower stress and deformation. The ballistic mechanisms lie in: 1 providing cushioning space; 2 diminishing initial contact areas; 3 reducing stress and deformation in the clay. As the air gap increases, the cushioning effect becomes more pronounced. This study lays a theoretical foundation for designing soft body armour with considerably enhanced ballistic performance by simply adjusting the air gap. |
| Keywords |
air gap, finite element analysis, analytical model, cushioning space, ballistic impact |
| Received |
26 May 2025 | Revised |
02 August 2025 | Accepted |
03 August 2025 |
| Link to Fulltext |
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